Oven



1 615183 Jan. 18, 1927. E. F TILLEY, JR

OVEN

Filed Jan. 5. 1925 4 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR EDWIN F. TILLEYJR.

Jan. 18,1927. 1,615,183

E. F. TlLLEY, JR

OVEN

Filed Jan. 5. 1925 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 o O INVENTOR 1927 E. F. TILLEY, JR

OVEN

Filed Jan. 5. 1925 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 1. lW UHW W W- WHH R UIM w 7 W K m Wm w z mu M 2 2 Mm 1 A a a m m w m o a z 5 3 I UJ C 1 3% I W k w 0w Patented Jan. 18,1927.

UNITED STATES.

PATENT OFFICE.

OVEN.

Application filed January 5, 1925. Serial No. 654.

This invention relates particularly, though not exclusively, to ovens for japanning or low temperature enameling, and the like.

I Some of the more important objects of the invention'are to enable quick charging and discharging of the oven chamber; to conserve and hold the heat and particularly to prevent un'due loss of heat in the chargl ing and removal of the oven contents; to remove the fumes, as required,,from different portions of the oven chamber, without, however, wasting useful heat; to protect the material or articles under treatment from the ll effects of dust and the like, and in general, to

provide an oven of simple, relatively inexpensive construction, practical, efiicient and ada table to many useful pur oses.

T liese objects are attained t rough certain U novel features of construction combinations and relations of parts as will appear in the course of the following specification.

In the drawings accompanying and form ing part of this specification, the invention is illustrated in onl one of the manypossible commercial em odiments and it should be understood therefore that the structure may be modified without departure from the spirit and scope of the invention as hereina after described and broadly claimed.

Figure 1 is a front elevation'of the oven.

Figure 2 is a side view of the same.

Figure 3 isa vertical sectional view on substantially the plane of line 3-3 of Fig- 06 ure 1.

. 5 Figure 4 is a horizontal sectional view on substantially theplane of line 4-4 of Figure 1.

Figures 5 and 6 are enlarged broken sec- 40 tions of the rearand the front corner seals.

Figure 7 is a broken detail of the compensatinq damper governing exhaust from the different. portions of the oven chamber.

In the embodiment of the invention illus- 08 trated, the oven chamber 10 is defined by a back wall 11, side walls 12 and a top wall 13. This construction leaves the front of the chamber 0 n for substantially its full extent, providing the greatest facility for 0 chargin and dlscharging.

For 0 osing'the oven,-and enabling charge and discharge without substantial loss of lieat, a reversible door or front wall 14 is provided, journaled centrally on a vertical axis 15 so that it can be turned in either direction, which door is utilized as a support To secure t for the trays carrying the articles under treatment.

The edges of the reversible .front wall are shown as sealed by angular corner walls 16 hin ed at 17 to the forward edges of the side wal s and carrying sealing flanges 18 at the lIlSlde overlappiw the edges of the side walls and projecting flanges 19 at the outside overlapping the side edges of the door. e parts in' closely. sealed relatlon, the angular corner members are shown as carrying swinging latches 20 pivoted at 21 and arranged to engage behind the flanges 22 at the edges of the door. These latches, as they swing behind the retaining flanges22, serve to draw the corner members inward to the door and lock the door against turning movement. Stops 23 limit the downward locking -movements of these latches and the overstanding lugs or hooks 24 act as retainers to frictionally hold the latches when turned up in their 'released positions.

Seals at top and bottom of the door are provided in the illustration by'flexible strips 25 of asbestos fabric or the like, adjustably held in place behind flanges 26 secured at the inner and outer faces of the door, said strips being set to make wiping engagement with the backs of. the channelbars 27 forming the door supporting sills.

For supporting the trays the door is provided on its opposite faces with racks consisting in the illustration of the angle iron bars 28, with the outstanding flanges of "the same cut inwardly and downwardly in angu lar notches 29 to provide seats for project ing studs 30 at the rearward corners of the substantially semi-circular trays.

The trays are shown as made up of the angle iron frames 31 having the horizontal flanges 32 on which removable tray bottoms 33 are rested. These removable tray bottoms are constructed to suit different requirements, those at the front in Figures 3 and 4 being shown as of reticulated or mesh work form to directly support the articles and those at the rear being shown as made up of spaced rods from which the articles may be suspended.

The latter form is particularly desirable where the articles are dip ed before baking, because it permits the articles being mounted on the rack; then dip ed, and the rack with the attached articles being then mounted on the door ready to go into the oven.

.inforce and brace the same.

In the structure illustrated, the heat is supplied by a pair of burners 35 located in a combustion chamber 36 provided in the base of the structure beneath the oven chamber from which heat radiating tubes 37 extend up through the back of the oven chamber to a header 38 in the top of the chamber and provided with a suitable outlet flue 39. The secondary air for combustion is shown as supplied to the burners through an opening 40 in the bottom of the combustion chamber from whence it passes laterally beneath a false bottom 41 to openings 42 directly beneath the burners. This false bottom construction prevents downward radia'tionof heat and preheats the secondary air for combustion.

Fresh air for carrying off the fumes, etc., is furnished in the present disclosure by piping 43 extending up through the bottom of the combustion chamber, thence laterally over a baiile 44 covering the burners and opening up into the forward portion of the oven chamber at 45. In this manner the fresh air is preheated before it reaches the oven chamber. A filter is indicated at 46 for purifying the air and this filter is shown as removably seated in an opening provided for it in one side ofthe compartment 47 beneath. the combustion chamber. The fresh air supply pipe 43 opens into this air compartment in the base of the oven structure so that with the filter in place, only filtered air will be supplied to the oven chamber and so that upon removal of the filter, unfiltered air will be supplied through the opening left byremoval of the filter.

The fumes ass off from the oven chamber through either one or both of two out-' lets, one extending from the bottom of the oven chamber at 48 and the other extending from the upper portion of the chamber at 49. Conduits 50, 51 are shown extending from these outlets at the back of the oven up to a header or exhaust chamber 52 from which an exhaust flue 53 extends directly to a motor driven exhauster 54. An air gate 55 is shown provided in the exhaust flue to regulate flow therethrough 'and the fine is further shown equipped with vents 56 which can be opened or closed more'or less by a slide 57 to balance the flow when the gate is used.

To prevent overheating the exhaust fan,

cooling air is admitted to the exhaust header 52 by piping 58 entered in the front of this header and extending from a hood 59 overstanding the door and the projecting trays carried thereby. The air for cooling thus sweeps up over the front of the oven structure so thatif there is any leakage about the door, the fumes will be automatically carried away.

The fumes may be exhausted from either the lower or the upper portion of the oven chamber or more or'less from both upper and lower portions by means of a damper shown at 60 in Figure 7, pivoted at 61 between the terminals of the conduits 50, 51 which are indicated as reversely angled from this intermediate pivotal center so that the damper can be rocked by an external handle 62 to open one flue while closing the other, 01' vice versa. It will be seen that in the extreme positions, this damper will leave one flue fully open and the other fully closed and that in the intermediate positions, both fiues will be 0 en more or less, according to the angle of t e damper. By such regulation, the heavier or lighter fumes may be drawn off at will and the damper may be set at any time to vary the exhausting operation.

The several walls of the oven may be constructed of light sheet metal with a lining of thermal insulating material, as customary in'the manufacture of industrial ovens. To provide close joints'at the rear corners of the oven, I have shown the back and side walls as having a stepped or rabbeted joint 63. A suitable packing may be used in these joints, as indicated, and to enable these joints being set up tight, the back and side Walls are shown as carrying flanges 64, 65, receiving bolts 66, 67, making engagement with flanges 68, 69, on the edges of a corner angle 70, Figure 5. By tightening the back bolts 66 it will be evident that the joints at the steps 71, 72 will be closed and tightening of the side bolts 67 will close the remaining step at 73.

In addition to providing close joints for the reversible front wall or tray carrier, the angular corner members, when swung open, give complete access to the full interior of the oven chamber and hence enable the use of the largest trays capable of passing into the chamber. The adjustability, removability and interchangeability of the trays and tray bottoms enable the oven being adapted to a great variety of uses and the varied control of the exhaust further adapts the apparatus to meet different requirements. The exhauster is protected against overheating by cooling the exhaust gases in the exhaust chamber and the air used for this purpose is utilized to draw off any fumes that may escape from the front of the oven. The fresh air may be filtered or not. as oocasion requires, and may be taken directly m ovably en and radiating pi es in triangular grou s in the two rearwar corners of the oven chamber prevents the same from interfering with the travel of the trays intoand out of the oven chamber. The mixing of the cooler air with the hot gases in the exhaust box saves the exhauster from injury or undue wear and by selective control of the valve means, the pull on the oven chamber can be equaliz ed and balanced so that the fumes will be taken olf as they are released, without wasting any heat. If desired, however, this pull can be increased or reduced and taken from the different portions of the chamber, at will.

What is claimed is:

1. An oven of the character disclosed having a reversible wall provided with racks on the opposite faces 0 the same and article supporting trays detachably engageable with said racks.

An oven of the character disclosed havinga reversible wall provided with racks on the opposite faces of the same and article trays interchangeably engageable in different relations with said racks.

3. An oven of the character disclosed having a reversible wall provided with racks on the opposite faces of the same, tray frames interchangeably, adjustably and reageable with said racks and trays interchangeably and removably engageable in said tray frames.

4. An oven of the character disclosed having a reversible wall and article supporting trays interchangeably, adjustably and removably supportable upon the opposite sides of said wall.

5. An oven of the character disclosed having a reversible wall and. article supporting trays interchangeably, adjustably and removably supportable upon the opposite sides of said wall and provided with removable interchangeable tray bottoms.

6. An oven of the character disclosed having a reversible wall carrying a rack and article trays detachably and interchangeably engageable in different positions on said rack.

7. An oven of the character disclosed having a reversible wall carrying a rack and article trays detachably and interchangeably engageable in different positions onsaid rack and provided with removable interchangeable tray bottoms.

8. An oven of the character disclosed having a reversible wall provided with notched uprights and trays having hangers detachably engageable in the notches of said uprights.

9. An oven of the character disclosed having a wall swinging on a vertical axis and provided with notched uprights and article trays having hangers detachably engageable in the notches in said uprights.

10. An oven of the character disclosed having a swinging wall provided with bars at opposite edges of the same, said bars having spaced seats and trays having hangers at opposite corners of the same detachably engageable in said seats.

11. An oven of the character disclosed having a centrally pivoted reversible front wall, rack bars at the opposite vertical edges of said wall and substantially semi-circular trays having hangers at the corners of the game detachably engageable with said-rack ars.

12. An oven of the character disclosed having a reversible front wall pivoted sub stantially centrally on .a vertical axis and provided with rack bars on the vertical edges at opposite faces of the same and article trays having hangers detachably engageable in different relations on said rack bars.

13. An oven of the character disclosed having a reversible front wall pivoted substantially centrally on a vertical axis and provided with rack bars on the vertical edges at opposite faces of the same and article trays having hangers detachably engageable in different relations on said rack bars and provided with removable interchangeable tray bottoms of different construction suited for supporting the articles thereon or suspending the articles therefrom.

14. An oven of the character disclosed having a reversible front wall and provided with pivoted corner walls cooperating with the edges of the front wall.

15. An oven of the character disclosed having a reversible front wall and provided with pivoted corner walls cooperating with the edges of the front wall and readily releasible means for locking the corner walls to the reversible wall.

16. An oven of the character disclosed having one entire side of the same open, a reversible wall for closing said open side and swinging corner walls cooperating with the edge portions of the reversible wall to seal said wall in closed relation or to swing back and permit free, complete reversal of the wall. I

17. An oven of the character disclosed having one entire side of the same open, a reversible wall for closing said open side and swinging corner walls cooperating with the edge portions of the reversible wall to seal said wall in closed relation or to swing back and perl'nit free, complete reversal of the wall and latches on the corner walls for securing the same in sealing relation to the reversible wall.

18. An oven of the character disclosed hav-, ing a swinging wall and a swinging angular corner wall cooperating with the edge portion of the first wall to seal the oven cham ber.

19. An oven of the character disclosed having a reversible front wall pivoted to swing on an intermediate vertical axis and movable wall sections at the front corners of the oven adjustable into and out of sealing engagement with the edge portions of the reversible front wall.

20. An oven having a door opening provided with stationary abutments at opposite edges of the same, a reversible door mounted in said opening and pairs of flexible sealing strips adjustably mounted 011 the door ad- ]acent opposite faces of said door and at opposite ends of the same for sweeping engagement with the stationary abutments.

21. An oven having a door opening, a. reversible door pivoted on a vertical axis in said opening and provided with flexible sealing strips at the upper and lower edges of the same and adjustable sealing means for the vertical edge portions of the door.

22. An oven of the character disclosed having fume outlets from the upper and from the lower portions of the oven chamher and control means therefor for selectively withdrawing fumes from either the upper or lower or both portions of the oven chamber, including damper mechanism common to both outlets and operable to simultaneously open up one outlet while closing off the other.-

23. An oven of the character disclosed having fume outlets from the upper and from the lower portions of the oven chamber and control means therefor for selectively withdrawing fumes from either the upper or lower or both portions of the oven chamber, said control means being inoperative to close both upper and lower fume outlets at the same time.

24. An oven of the character disclosed having fume outlets from the upper and from the lower portions of the oven chamber and control means therefor for selectively withdrawing fumes from either the upper or lower or both portions of the oven chamher, said control means being operative to open one outlet while closing off the other and vice versa.

25. An oven of the character disclosed having fmne outlets from difl'erent portions of the oven chamber, a damper operative to close oli' one outletwhile opening the other and vice versa and an outlet box into which both outlets discharge, said damper being located within said common outlet box and shiftablc therein from a position over the end of one outlet to a position over the end of the other outlet.

26. An oven of the character disclosed having outlets from dill'erent portions of the oven chamber both opening to a common outlet chamber and a damper in said common outlet chamber shiftable therein to close one outlet while opening the other and vice versa.

27. An oven of the character disclosed having outlets from different portions of the oven chamber opening into a common outlet box and having reversely angled ends therein and a swinging damper ivoted intermediate said reversely angle ends and adapted in its tilting movements to cover one While opening the other and vice versa.

28. An oven having outlets extending from the upper and lower portions of the oven chamber and opening into an exhaust chamber, a damper in the exhaust chamber controlling flow through said outlets and an exhauster connected with said exhaust chamber.

29. An oven of the character disclosed having exhaust flues extending from the upper and lower portions of the oven chamber, an exhaust chamber in which said flues .terminate, the ends of said flues being reversely inclined from a common center and a swing damper over the ends of said flues and pivoted at said common center.

30. An oven of the character disclosed having exhaust flues extending from the upper and lower portions of the oven chamber, an exhaust chamber in which said flues terminate, the ends of said flues being reversely inclined from a common center, a swing damper over the ends of said flues and pivoted at said connnon center, an exhaust flue extending from said chamber and valve means in said exhaust flue.

31. An oven of the character disclosed having exhaust flues extending from the upper and lower portions of the oven chamber, an exhaust chamber in which said flues terminate, the ends of said flues being reversely inclined from a common center, a swing damper over the ends of said flues and pivoted at said common center, an exhauster connected with said chamber and a fresh air inlet opening into said chamber.

32. An oven of the character disclosed having an exhaust box and flues extending from the oven chamber to said exhaust box, an exhauster connected with the exhaust box and valve means controlling the action of the exhauster.

An oven of the character disclosed having an exhaust box and fines extending from the oven chamber to said exhaust box, an exhaustcr connected with the exhaust box, a cooling inlet to the exhaust box and valve means controlling the action of the exhaustcr.

3-34. An ovcu having a charging door at the front of the same, a hood over said door, an exhaust. box connected with the oven chamber and a connection from the hood to said exhaust box.

35. An oven having a charging door at the front of the same, a hood over said door, an exhaust box connected with the oven chamber, a connection from the hood to said exhaust box, an exhauster connected with the exhaust box and means for controlling the action of said exhauster.

36. An oven of the character disclose having an exhaust box connected with the oven chamber, an exhauster, a conduit from the exhaust box to said exhauster, said conduit having vents therein controlled by a valve and a gate for equalizing the pull on the oven chamber.

- 37. An oven of the character disclosed, having areversible wall and article supportin members detachably and interchangeab y supportable at different selected levels upgln the opposite sides of said reversible wa 38. An oven having an air chamber in the .base of the same, an air filter removably fitted in one side of said air chamber, conduit means from said air chamber to the oven chamber, a combustion chamber in the base portion of the oven over the air chamber, an air conduit extending for a portion of its length laterally through said combustion chamber.

39. An oven having a heating chamber, a combustion chamber below the same and an air chamber below the combustion chamber, the combustion chamber having a double bottom with laterally offset openings for supplying the secondary air to combustion devices in the combustion chamber.

40. An oven having a reversible front wall and swinging angular corner walls cooperating with the opposite edges of the same, sald corner walls having flanges at the rear inside the oven chamber overlapping the joint with the side walls of the oven and flanges at the front outside the oven chamber overlapping the edges of the reversible front Wall.

41. An oven having corner walls provided with interfitting stepped joints and adjustable fastenings at each side of each corner for drawing the several steps of each joint into close fitting relation.

42. An oven of the character disclosed having a reversible tray supporting door adapted in its swinging movements to carry the trays into and out of the oven chamber and heat radiating pipes arranged in triangular formations in the rear corners of the oven chamber clear of the travel of the trays.

43. An oven of the character disclosed, having a door reversible to carry articles into and out of the oven, racks with vertical-- ly spaced supporting means on the reversible faces of said door and article supporting members removably and interchangeably engageable at difierent levels with the supporting means of said racks.

44. An oven of the character disclosed, having a movable Wall, a rack on said movable wall having vertically spaced supporting means and article supporting members having hangers detachably and interchangeably engageable with the supporting means of said rack at different levels.

45. An oven of the character disclosed, having a door provided with a rack, said rack aving supporting means at different levels, trays with bottoms of different construction for supporting articles or for suspending same and hangers on said different trays interchangeably engageable with the supporting means of the rack at different levels to suit the nature of the articles carried by the trays. i

46. An oven of the character disclosed, having a swinging wall, a swinging angular corner wall cooperating with the edge portion of said first Wall and sealing flanges.

overlapping the joints at said swinging angular corner wall.

47. An oven of the character disclosed, having a fixed side wall and a swinging front wall and a swinging angular corner wall hinged to one of said first mentioned walls and cooperating with the other of such walls to form a corner seal between the two first mentioned walls.

48. An oven of the character disclosed, having a fixed side wall and a swinging front wall, a swinging angular corner wall hinged to one of said first mentioned walls and cooperating with the other of such walls to form a corner seal between the two first mentioned walls, lock means for securing said corner wall and said comer wall cooperating with the swinging wall to secure same in closed relation.

49. An oven of the character disclosed, having corner wall sections supported so that they may be shifted to open up the full 1 interior of the oven chamber, a pivoted door cooperating at its opposite edges with the corner wall sections and article supporting members on said door adapted to swing past the side walls into the oven chamber when the corner wall sections are shifted out of the way.

50. An oven of the character disclosed, having side walls and corner wall sections hinged at the front edges thereof and adapted to be thrown back to open up the entire interior of the oven chamber, a reversible door adapted to cooperate/ at its opposite edges with said hinged corner wall sections and article supporting members carried by said door and adapted to swing past the forward edges of the side walls when the corner wall sections are opened.

51. An oven of the character disclosed,

having a swinging wall, a fixed side wall, a

52. An oven of the character disclosed, having a fixed side wall, a swinging-front wall anda hingedly supported corner wall forming a joint between the angularly related front and side walls and securing means for forcing the corner wall into interlocked relation with said angularly related front and side walls.

53. An oven having a door opening with a smooth abutment forming one edge of such opening, a reversible door mounted in said opening and provided with means for supporting the articles to be treated on o posite faces-of the same and a pair of flexib e sealing strips arranged in substantial arallelism one at each face of the door an projecting sufliciently to sweep across the face of the abutment when the door is reversed.

54. An oven having an exhaust flue extending from the oven chamber, an exhauster connected with said flue and means for admitting cooling air to the inlet side ,of said exhauster to prevent overheating the same b the flow from the exhaust flue.

55. n oven having a heating chamber, an exhaust flue extending from said chamber, an outlet box into which said exhaust flue opens, an exhauster connected with said outlet box and a cooling air inlet opening into said outlet box.

56. An oven having a heating chamber an exhaust flue extending from said chamber, an exhauster connected with said flue and valve means in the connections between the flue and exhauster for controlling the action of said exhauster.

57. An oven having a heating chamber, an exhaust flue extending from said chamber, an exhauster connected with said flue, valve means in the connections between the flue and exhauster for controlling the action of said exhauster and a cooling inlet in said connections for preventing overheating the cxhauster by the flow from the exhaust flue.

58. An oven having a charging door, a suction hood over said door, a fume outlet for the interior of the oven and an exhauster connected with said fume outlet and with said suction hood.

59. An oven having a charging door, an exhaust flue extending from the chamber of the oven, an exhauster connected with said flueand means for drawing cooling air from the face of the charging door to said exhauster.

60. An oven of the character disclosed, having an exhaust flue extending from the oven chamber, an exhauster connected with said flue, an adjustable gate in said connections to the exhauster and adjustable vent means also in said connections for enabling anaccurate control of the pull on the oven chamber.

(it. An oven havlng a heating chamber and a combustion chamber, an air chamber adjacent the combustion chamber, double walls separating the combustion chamber from the air chamber to preventloss of heat by radiation, said walls having laterally offset openings therein for passage of air to the combustion chamber and for effecting preheating of the air in such passage to the combustion chamben 62. An oven having a heating chamber and a combustion chamber, an air su ply chamber in communication with the com bustion chamber, combustion devices in said combustion chamber and an air supply connection extending from the air chamber through the combustion chamber to the heating chamber and disposed in heat receptive relation to the combustion devices in its passage through the combustion chamber.

63. An oven having a swinging door and a fixed side wall, a corner wall hinged to said side wall having a flange at the rear inside the oven chamber to overlap the 'oint with the side wall and a flange at the ront outside the oven chamber to overlap the edge of the swinging door.

64. An oven having two corner walls provided with interfitting steps and adjustable connections around the outside of said corner from one of said Walls to the other, whereby upon tightening said connections, the different steps of the joint will be drawn into close fitting engagement.

65. An oven having two corner walls provided with interfitting steps and adjustable connections around the outside of said corner from one of said walls to the other, whereby upon tightening said connections, the different steps of the joint will be drawn into close fitting engagement and including a corner angle extending about the corner, anchorages on the two walls adjacent the edges of said corner angle and adjustable fastenings between said anchorages and the adjacent side portions of the corner angle.

66. An oven of the character disclosed, comprising an oven chamber having a reversible tray supporting door adapted in its swinging movements to carry the trays into and out of the oven chamber, a heat supply chamber below the oven chamber and heat radiating pipes extending from said heat supply chamber up through the oven chamber and grouped in the rear of said oven chamber back of the space occupied by the trays in their swinging movements into and out of the chamber.

67. An oven of the character disclosed, having a reversible article supporting door and a pair of flexible sealing strips carried by said door positioned in spaced relation at the outer and inner faces of such door to form a double seal for the oven chamber.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 3rd day of January, 1925.

EDWIN F. TILLEY, JR. 

